• 500+ Published articles, studies and reviews in Pubmed: Sept, 2022

• Studies show significant pain reduction.

• Multiple studies show that vastly fewer patients progress on to surgery thn untreated patients.

• Many studies show long term relief, many studies out to 3,4,5 even six year followup periods.

• Many studies look at healing and MRI evidence reveals disease regression, reduction in bulge size, increased disc height, and hydration.

• Patients treated with higher concentrations of nucleated cells do the best.

• Adverse events are either surprisingly minimal or not seen. Even in long term follow-up. The comparitive risk of surgical options completely eclipse the minimal risk of intradiscal therapy.

• Because there is no way to patent your own cells, Pharma and Medical Industry has largely ignored these treatments as there is little money to be made.

• The few prospective, sham controlled, randomized controlled trials DO show statistical and clinical benefit.

• BUT MOST IMPORTANTLY: Dispite over 500+ published reports on intradiscal injections in the PubMed database, these studies are not large, prospective, multicenter RCT (randomized controlled trials), and even though the evidence is overwhelmingly positive, because of the lack of such large studies we simply do not have the evidence to say with complete confidence:

  • The procedures are safe

  • the procedures are highly effective

  • the procedures are curative

  • the procedures are without long term risk.

• SO!

  • Proceed with caution

  • Research your physician, ask for his or her training, liscencure and expertise.

BoneMarrowAspirationConcentrate: "BMAC"

BONE MARROW DERIVED STEM CELL RESEARCH ARTICLES

Percutaneous Injection of Autologous Bone Marrow Concentrate Cells Significantly Reduces Lumbar Discogenic Pain Through 12 Months

Stem Cells, Sept 3, 2014, 146-156.

Enhancing human nucleus pulposus cells for biological treatment approaches of degenerative intervertebral disc diseases: a systematic review

J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 8: 925–936.

Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment for Discogenic Low Back Pain and Disc Degeneration

Stem Cells International

Volume 2016 (2016), Article ID 3908389

Intervertebral Disc Repair by Autologous Mesenchymal Bone Marrow Cells: A Pilot Study Transplantation2011;92: 822–828

Tissue engineering strategies applied in the regeneration of the human intervertebral disk

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0734975013001249?via%3Dihub

Cell and molecular biology of intervertebral disc degeneration: current understanding and implications for potential therapeutic strategies

Cell Prolif., 2014, 47, 381–390

Cell sources for nucleus pulposus regeneration

Eur Spine J (2014) 23 (Suppl 3):S364–S374

Disc cell therapies: critical issues

Eur Spine J (2014) 23 (Suppl 3):S375–S384

Autologous Bone Marrow Concentrate: Review and Application of a Novel Intra-Articular Orthobiologic for Cartilage Disease

The Physician and Sports Medicine. 2013 Sep

Clinical Outcome of Autologous Bone Marrow Aspirates Concentrate Injection in Degenerative Arthritis of the Knee

European journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology. 2014 Jan

Regenerative injection therapy with whole bone marrow aspirate for degenerative joint disease: a case series.

Clin Med Insights Arthritis Musculoskelet Disord. 2013 Sep 4

Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of cartilage lesions: from preclinical findings to clinical application in orthopaedics.

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2013 Jan 11.

Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis With Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Pilot Study Transplantation: 27 June 2013 – Volume 95 – Issue 12 – p 1535–1541

Intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: a proof-of-concept clinical trial.

Stem Cells. 2014 May;32(5):1254-66. doi: 10.1002/stem.1634.

Stem Cell Therapy Following Meniscus Knee Surgery May Reduce Pain, Restore Meniscus

Read more: http://www.digitaljournal.com/pr/1686326#ixzz4JOzZgCJV

Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Delivered via Intra-Articular Injection to the Knee Following Partial Medial Meniscectomy

J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2014 Jan 15; 96 (2): 90 -98 . http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.M.00058

You may not be better off after knee surgery

Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy versus Sham Surgery for a Degenerative Meniscal Tear, N Engl J Med 2013; 369:2515-2524December 26, 2013DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1305189

Impacts of bone marrow aspirate and peripheral blood derived platelet-rich plasma on the wound healing in chronic ischaemic limb. J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2013 Apr 26.

Treatment of chronic patellar tendinopathy with autologous bone marrow stem cells: a 5-year-followup.

Stem Cells Int. 2012;2012:953510. doi: 10.1155/2012/953510. Epub 2011 Dec 18.

Effects of intra-articular administration of autologous bone marrow aspirate on healing of full-thickness meniscal tear: an experimental study on sheep.

Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2012;46(1):61-7.

Clinical Use of Bone Marrow, Bone Marrow Concentrate, and Expanded Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cartilage Disease.

Stem Cells Dev. 2012 Nov 16. PMID: 23030230

Establishing proof of concept: Platelet-rich plasma and bone marrow aspirate concentrate may improve cartilage repair following surgical treatment for osteochondral lesions of the talus

World J Orthop 2012 July 18; 3(7): 101-108

Benefits of small volume and small syringe for bone marrow aspirations of mesenchymal stem cells.

Int Orthop. 2013 Jul 24.

Safety of autologous bone marrow aspiration concentrate transplantation: initial experiences in 101 patients.

Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2009 October 10; 1(2): e32. Doi: 10.4081/or.2009.e32

Stem cells and cartilage development: complexities of a simple tissue.

Stem Cells 2010, 28:1992-1996.

Cartilage tissue engineering: towards a biomaterial assisted mesenchymal stem cell therapy.

Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2009, 4:318-329.

Chondrogenesis and cartilage tissue engineering: the longer road to technology development.

Trends Biotechnol 2012, 30:166-176

Concise Review: The Clinical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Musculoskeletal Regeneration: Current Status and Perspectives.

Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2012; 1:237-247

Different populations and sources of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC): a comparison of adult and neonatal tissue-derived MSC.

Cell Commun Signal 2011, 9:12

Adult mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering versus regenerative medicine.

J Cell Physiol 2007, 213:341-347.

Marrow stromal cells as stem cells for nonhematopoietic tissues.

Science 1997, 276:71-74.

Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells.

Science 1999,284:143-147.

A small proportion of mesenchymal stem cells strongly expresses functionally active CXCR4 receptor capable of promoting migration to bone marrow.

Blood 2004, 104:2643-2645.

Treatment of a hip capsular injury in a professional soccer player with platelet-rich plasma and bone marrow aspirate concentrate therapy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc.

Articular cartilage and subchondral bone in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.

Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010, 1192:230-237.

The impact of osteoarthritis: implications of research.

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004, (427 Suppl):S6-S15

Stem cell therapy for cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis.

Expert Opin Biol Ther 2009, 9:1399-1405.

Future Directions for Research and Treatments of Osteoarthritis

Frontiers in Bioscience 4, d762-771, October 15, 1999

Intraarticular treatments for osteoarthritis: new perspectives

Curr Drug Targets 2010, 11:546-560.

Mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage repair in osteoarthritis.

Stem Cell Research & Therapy 2012, 3:25 doi: 10.1186/scrt116

Mesenchymal stem cells in arthritic diseases.

Arthritis Res Ther 2008, 10:223.

Mesenchymal stem-cell based HLA-independent cell therapy for tissue engineering of bone and cartilage.

Curr stem Cell Res Ther 2006, 1:21-27

Stem Cells and other innovative intra-articular therapies for osteoarthritis: What does the future hold?

BMC Medicine 2012, 10:44

Repair of articular cartilage defects in the patello-femoral joint with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal cell transplantation: three case reports involving nine defects in five knees.

J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2007, 1:74-79

Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells versus autologous chondrocyte implantation: an observational cohort study.

Am J Sports Med 2010, 38:1110-1116.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for knee osteoarthritis. Preliminary report of four patients.

Int J Rheum Dis 2011, 14:211-215.

Intra-articular injection of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Six patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Arch Iran Med. 2012; 15(7): 422-428.

Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells implantation for cartilage defects: two case report.

J Med Assoc Thai 2011, 94:395-400.

Increased knee cartilage volume in degenerative joint disease using percutaneously implanted, autologous mesenchymal stem cells.

Pain Physician 2008, 11:343-353.

Regeneration of human bones in hip osteonecrosis and human cartilage in knee osteoarthritis with autologous adipose-tissue-derived stem cells: a case series

J Med Case Rep 2011, 5:296.

Treatment of osteonectrosis of the femoral head with implantation of autologous bone-marrow cells: A pilot study

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004 Jun; 86-A(6):1153-60.

Treatment of a full-thickness articular cartilage defect in the femoral condyle of an athlete with autologous bone-marrow stromal cells.

Osteoarthr Cartil 2007, 15:226-231.

The clinical use of human culture-expanded autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplanted on platelet-rich fibrin glue in the treatment of articular cartilage defects: a pilot study and preliminary results.

Cartilage 2010, 1:253-261.

Establishing proof of concept: Platelet-rich plasma and bone marrow aspirate concentrate may improve cartilage repair following surgical treatment for osteochondral lesions of the talus

World J Orthop 2012 July 18; 3(7): 101-108

Bone marrow aspirate and bone allograft to treat acetabular bone defects in revision total hip arthroplasty: preliminary report.

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2013 Aug;17(16):2240-9.

Regenerate Augmentation with bone marrow concentrate after traumatic bone loss.

Orthopedic Reviews 2012; volume 4:e14

Percutaneous Autologous Bone-Marrow Grafting for Nonunions: Influence of the Number and Concentration of Progenitor Cells.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 2005; 87:1430-1437

“Therapeutic Angiogenesis for Patients with Limb Ischemia by Autologous Transplantation of Bone Marrow Cells: A Pilot Study and Randomized Controlled Study”

The Lancet; 360:427-435; 2002

STEM CELL THERAPY FOR TENDINOPATHY: LESSONS FROM A LARGE ANIMAL MODEL

Br J Sports Med 2013;47:e2 doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092459.42

Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells for regeneration of injured equine ligaments and tendons: A clinical report.

Res Vet Sci. 2013 Feb 16. pii: S0034-5288(13)00019-2. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.01.017

Homing and reparative effect of intra-articular of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in osteoarthritis animal model.

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011 Nov 15; 12:259.

Direct transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the knee joints of Hartley strain guinea pigs with spontaneous osteoarthritis.

Arthritis Res Ther. 2012 Feb 7;14(1):R31

Cell based therapy for osteoarthritis in a sheep model: gross and histological assessment.

Med J Malaysia 2008, 63(Suppl A):37-38.

Osteoarthritis treated with mesenchymal stem cells on hyaluronan-based scaffold in rabbit.

Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2009, 15:647-658.

Stem cell therapy in a caprine model of osteoarthritis.

Arthritis Rheum 2003, 48:3464-3474.

The restoration of full-thickness cartilage defects with BMSCs and TGF-beta 1 loaded PLGA/fibrin gel constructs.

Biomaterials 2010, 31:8964-8973

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibit the response of naïve and memory antigen-specific T cells to their cognate peptide.

Blood May 1, 2003 vol. 101 no. 9 3722-3729

Characterization of proteoglycan production and processing by chondrocytes and BMSCs in tissue engineered constructs

Osteoarthr Cartil 2008, 16:1092-1100.

Concentrated bone marrow aspirate improves full-thickness cartilage repair compared with microfracture in the equine model.

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Aug 18; 92(10):1927-37

Impact of growth factors and PTHrP on early and lage chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.

J Cell Physiol 2010, 223:84-93.

Human mesenchymal stem cells modulate allogeneic immune cell responses.

Blood 2005, 105:1815-1822.

Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow: differentiation-dependent gene expression of matrix components.

Exp Cell Res 2001, 268:189-200.

Comparison of effect of BMP-2, -4, and -6 on in vitro cartilage formation of human adult stem cells from bone marrow stroma.

Cell Tissue Res 2005, 320:269-276.

ROTATOR CUFF BIOLOGICS

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Empowering Tendon Regenerative Therapies. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(12):3002. Published 2019 Jun 19. doi: 10.3390/ijms20123002

A Prospective multi-site registry study of a specific protocol of autologous bone marrow concentrate for the treatment of shoulder rotator cuff tears and osteoarthritis. J Pain Res. 2015;8:269-276. Published 2015 Jun 5. doi: 10.2147/JPR. S80872

Effects of bone marrow aspirate concentrate and platelet-rich plasma on patients with partake tear of the rotator cuff tendon. J Orthopedics Surg Res. 2018;13(1):1. Published 2018 Jan 3. doi:10.1186/s13018-017-0693-x

Effects of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate- Platelet-Rich Plasma on Tendon-Derived Stem Cells and Rotator Cuff Tendon Tear. Cell Transplant. 2017;26(5):867-878. doi:10.3727/096368917X694705

Biologic augmentation of rotator cuff repair with mesenchymal stem cells during arthroscopy improves healing and prevents further tears: a case-controlled study. Int Orthop. 2014 Sep;38(9): 1811-8. doi: 10.1007/s00264-014-2391-1.

Bone Marrow Stimulation decreases retear rates after primary arthroscopic rotator cuss repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2019 Apr; 28(4): 782-791. doi;

Prospective Randomized Trail of Biologic Augmentation With Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Patients undergoing Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair. Orthop J Sports Med. 2019;7(7suppl5):2325967229S00275. Published 2019 Jul 29. doi:10.1177/2325967119S00275

Clinical Results of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Partial Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears: A Case Series. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2017;5(5): 328-331.

Treatment of Partial Rotator Cuff Tear with Ultrasound-guided Platelet-Rich Plasma. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2017;7:32. Published 2017 Aug 14. doi:10.4103/jcis.JCIS_26_17

GENERAL ARTICLES

Current Clinical Recommendations for Use of Platelet Rich Plasma.

Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine. Oct 2018.

The biology of platelet-rich plasma and its application in trauma and orthopaedic surgery: a review of the literature.

J Bone Joint Surg Br; 2009 Aug;91(8):987-96

Focused Review: Current Trends in Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection Treatments

Journal of Neurosurgical Review, Vol 1 (2011).

Platelet-rich plasma: current concepts and application in sports medicine.

J Am Acad Orthop Surg; 2009 Oct;17(10):602-8

Regenerative injection therapy for osteoarthritis: fundamental concepts and evidence-based review

American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. PM R. 2012 May;4(5 Suppl):S104-9

Optimization of ingredients, procedures and rehabilitation for platelet-rich plasma injections for chronic tendinopathy

Future Medicine, 2011

The role of platelet-rich plasma in tissue regeneration

Informa Healthcare May 30, 2012

Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Milieu of Bioactive Factors

Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, 2012

Applications of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Musculoskeletal and Sports Medicine: An Evidence-Based Approach

PM&R; 2011 Mar; 3(3): 226-250.

Musculoskeletal Applications of Platelet-Rich Plasma: Fad or Future? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Mar;196(3):628-36.

Platelet rich plasma injection grafts for musculoskeletal injuries: a review

Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2008 Dec;1(3-4):165-74.

Platelet Rich Plasma Grafts in Musculoskeletal Medicine

Journal of Prolotherapy. 2010 May; 2(2): 371-376.

Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Matrix Grafts.

Practical Pain Management 2008:8 (1):11-26.

Platelet-rich plasma: current concepts and application in sports medicine

J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2009 Oct;17(10):602-8.

Platelet-rich therapies in the treatment of orthopaedic sport injuries Sports Med. 2009;39(5):345-54

The Roles of Growth Factors in Tendon and Ligament Healing

Sports Med. 2003 33(5):381-394

Use of platelet-rich plasma in the care of sports injuries: our experience with ultrasound-guided injection.

PM 2013 Jul 3

Use of autologous platelet-rich plasma to treat muscle strain injuries. Am J Sports Med; 2009 Jun;37(6):1135-42

Platelet-Rich Plasma in Muscle Healing

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation: October 2010 – Volume 89 – Issue 10 – pp 854-861.

Treatment of Tendon and Muscle Using Platelet-Rich Plasma

Clin Sports Med 28(1): 113-25.

Treatment of muscle injuries by local administration of autologous conditioned serum: a pilot study on sportsmen with muscle strains

Int J Sports Med, 2004. 25:589-594.

Use of autologous platelet-rich plasma to treat muscle strain injuries

American Journal of Sports Med, 2009. 37 (6): 1135-1142.

SPINE

Lumbar Intradiskal Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injections: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Study

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2016, Jan; 8(1): 1-10.

An experimental study on effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma on treatment of early intervertebral disc degeneration.

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2012 Aug;26(8):977-83

Proliferation of Annulus Fibrosus Cells in Platelet Rich Plasma A Natural 3D Scaffold: An in Vitro Study: Gp8

Spine: Affiliated Society Meeting Abstracts . Supplement 1, October 2011.

SHOULDER

“Regenerative medicine in rotator cuff injuries.”

Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:129515.

“Effectiveness of Platelet-rich Plasma Injection for Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: A Prospective Open-label Study.”

Glob Adv Health Med. 2013 Mar;2(2):26-31.

” Intralesional injection of partial thickness rotator cuff tears”

Paper presented at 2014 RSNA meeting in Chicago

Use of Platelet Rich Plasma For The Treatment Of Bicipital Tendinopathy In Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study

Br J Sports Med 2013;47:e2 doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092459.39.

PRP May Be Effective Treatment for RCT

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2013 Annual Meeting News February 19 – 23, 2013.

Platelet-rich plasma protects rotator cuff-derived cells from the deleterious effects of triamcinolone acetonide.

J Orthop Res. 2012 Dec 31. doi: 10.1002/jor.22301.

Comparison of the therapeutic effects of ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injection and dry needling in rotator cuff disease: a randomized controlled trial.

Clin Rehabil. 2012 Oct 3.

Comparative Studies of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) and Prolotherapy for Proximal Biceps Tendinitis.

Clin Should Elbow. 2011 Dec;14(2):153-158

Platelet-Rich Plasma Stimulates Cell Proliferation and Enhances Matrix Gene Expression and Synthesis in Tenocytes From Human Rotator Cuff Tendons With Degenerative Tears.

Am J Sports Med. 2012 Feb 23.

Clinical Indications and Techniques for the Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Shoulder

Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, Volume 19, Issue 3, September 2011, Pages 165-169.

ELBOW

“Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma for chronic tennis elbow: a double-blind, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial of 230 patients.”

Am J Sports Med. 2014 Feb;42(2):463-71.

“Comparative effectiveness of injection therapies in lateral epicondylitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.”

Am J Sports Med. 2013 Jun;41(6):1435-46.

“Treatment of partial ulnar collateral ligament tears in the elbow with platelet rich plasma”

Am J Sports Med. 2013 Jul;41(7):1689-1694.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Significantly Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Tennis Elbow: A Double-Blind, Prospective, Multicenter, Controlled Trial of 230 Patients

Am J Sports Med July 3, 2013

Positive Effect of an Autologous Platelet Concentrate in Lateral Epicondylitis in a Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial: Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Corticosteroid Injection With a 1-Year Follow-up

Am J Sports Med 38: 255-262

Treatment of chronic elbow tendinosis with buffered platelet-rich plasma

Am J Sports Med. 2006 Nov;34(11):1774-8.

Autologous blood injections for refractory lateral epicondylitis

Am J Hand Surg. 2003;28(2):272–8.

Platelet Rich Plasma Significantly Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Tennis Elbow

The Orthobiologic Institute, March, 2013.

Treatment of chronic tendinopathy with ultrasound-guided needle tenotomy and platelet-rich plasma injection

PM R 2011 Oct; 3(10):900-11.

Clinical Indications and Techniques for the Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Elbow

Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, 2011

Treatment of Chronic Tendinopathy with Ultrasound-Guided Needle Tenotomy and Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection

PM R. 2011 Aug 25.

Ongoing Positive Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Corticosteroid Injection in Lateral Epicondylitis: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial With 2-Year Follow-Up

Am J Sports Med; 2011 Mar.

Platelet-rich Plasma Injection Reduces Pain in Patients With Recalcitrant Epicondylitis

Orthopedics, February 2011.

A systematic review of four injection therapies for lateral epicondylosis: prolotherapy, polidocanol, whole blood and platelet-rich plasma.

Br J Sports Med; 2009 Jul;43(7):471-81.

HAND / WRIST

“Stem cells and biological approaches to treatment of wrist problems.”

J Wrist Surg. 2013 Nov;2(4):315-8.

HIP

Leucocyte Rich Platelet Rich Plasma Treatment of Gluteus Medius and Minimus Tendinopathy. Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial With 2 year Follow up.

Am J Of Sports Med. 2019.

“Efficacy of ultrasound-guided intra-articular injections of platelet-rich plasma versus hyaluronic acid for hip osteoarthritis.”

Orthopedics. 2013 Dec;36(12):e1501-8.

“Hip osteoarthritis in dogs: a randomized study using mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue and plasma rich in growth factors.”

Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Jul 31;15(8):13437-60.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP): an adjuvant to hasten hamstring muscle recovery. A randomized controlled trial protocol (ISCRTN66528592) BioMedCentral 2012

Platelet-rich Plasma as an Effective Treatment for Proximal Hamstring Injuries.

Orthopedics. 2013 Jan 1;36(1):e64-70.

Treatment of a hip capsular injury in a professional soccer player with platelet-rich plasma and bone marrow aspirate concentrate therapy.

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc.

Ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injections for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip

Rheumatology (2011) doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker303.

KNEE

The temporal effect of PRP on pain and physical function in the treatment of knee OA: Systematic review and Meta analysis of randomized Controlled Trials.

J of Orthopedic Surg and Res. Jan 2017

“Effect of leukocyte concentration on the efficacy of platelet rich plasma in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis”

American J Of Sports Med. March 2016. 44(3): 792-800.

“Efficacy of Intra-articular PRP Injections In Knee Osteoarthritis : A Systematic Review”

Arthroscopy. Mar 2016. 32(3). Pp 495-505.

“Viscosupplementation for Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Systematic Review of the Evidence”

JBJS. 2015 Dec 16; 97(24): 2047-60.

“Effect of leukocyte concentration on the efficacy of platelet rich plasma in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis”

American J Of Sports Med. March 2016. 44(3): 792-800.

“Efficacy of Intra-articular PRP Injections In Knee Osteoarthritis : A Systematic Review”

Arthroscopy. Mar 2016. 32(3). Pp 495-505.

“Viscosupplementation for Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Systematic Review of the Evidence”

JBJS. 2015 Dec 16; 97(24): 2047-60.

“Adult human mesenchymal stem cells delivered via intra-articular injection to the knee following partial medial menisectomy: a randomized, double blind, controlled study.”

JBJS. 2014 Jan 15;96(2):90-98.

“Concentrated bone marrow aspirate improves full thickness cartilage repair compared with microfracture in the equine model”

JBJS. 2010 Aug 18;92(10):1927-1937.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment in Symptomatic Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: Preliminary Results in a Group of Active Patients

Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 2012 4: 162 originally published online 20 January 2012

Autologous platelet gel for tissue regeneration in degenerative disorders of the knee.

Blood Transfus. 2011 Oct 25:1-6. doi: 10.2450/2011.0026-11

Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Patients with Primary and Secondary Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study

The American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. Nov 20, 2010 online. Print Dec 2010.

Treatment of Knee Joint Osteoarthritis with Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma in Comparison with Hyaluronic Acid American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 0894-9115/12/9104-0000/0

“Regenerative repair of damaged meniscus with autologous adipose tissue-derived stem cells.”

Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:436029.

“Knee Osteoarthritis Injection Choices: Platelet- Rich Plasma (PRP) Versus Hyaluronic Acid (A one-year randomized clinical trial).”

Clin Med Insights Arthritis Musculoskelet Disord. 2015 Jan 7;8:1-8.

“Does intra articular platelet rich plasma injection improve function, pain, and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee? A randomized clinical trial. “

Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2014 Sep 18;6(3):5405.

Intraarticular Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: Review and Recommendations.

American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, May 29, 2014

Platelet-Rich Plasma Added to the Patellar Tendon Harvest Site During Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Enhanced Healing

Am J Sports Med. 2012 Jun;40(6):1282-8.

Clinical and MRI Outcomes After Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis.

Clin J Sport Med. 2012 Dec 12.

Use of platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of refractory jumper’s knee

International Orthopaedics; 31 July 2009; Vol 24, No 6; 909-915

Platelet-rich plasma: New clinical application: A pilot study for treatment of jumper’s knee

International Journal of the Care of the Injured; 2009 June; 40(6): 509-603

Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for Partial Patellar Tendon Tear in a High School Athlete: A Case PresentationAmerican Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vol. 3, 391-395, April 2011.

Intraarticular Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: Review and Recommendations.

American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, May 29, 2014

The Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Degenerative Lesions of the Knee: Results at Two-year Follow Up

OASIS, Mar 20, 2013.

Treatment With Platelet-Rich Plasma Is More Effective Than Placebo for Knee Osteoarthritis

AJSM PreView, January 8, 2013

Infiltration of plasma rich in growth factors for osteoarthritis of the knee short-term effects on function and quality of life

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, Springer-Verlag 2010

Platelet rich plasma intra-articular injections: a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in sport rehabilitation. A systematic review

Sport Sci Health (2012) 8:15–22

Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment in Symptomatic Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: Preliminary Results in a Group of Active Patients Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 2012 4: 162 originally published online 20 January 2012

Treatment of Knee Joint Osteoarthritis with Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma in Comparison with Hyaluronic Acid

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Autologous platelet gel for tissue regeneration in degenerative disorders of the knee.

Blood Transfus. 2011 Oct 25:1-6. doi: 10.2450/2011.0026-11.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Intra-Articular Injection Versus Hyaluronic Acid Viscosupplementation as Treatments for Cartilage Pathology: From Early Degeneration to Osteoarthritis

Arthroscopy. 2011 Aug 8.

The Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Cartilage: Basic Science and Clinical Application

Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, Volume 19, Issue 3, September 2011, Pages 154-159.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Releasate Inhibits Inflammatory Processes in Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes

The American Journal of Sports Medicine; August 19, 2011

Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Patients with Primary and Secondary Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. Dec 2010. 961-969.

Infiltration of plasma rich in growth factors for osteoarthritis of the knee short-term effects on function and quality of life Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Volume 131, Number 3, 311-317

The regenerative effect of platelet-rich plasma on healing in large osteochondral defects

International Orthopaedics, 2010. 34:589-597.

Platelet-rich plasma: intra-articular knee injections produced favorable results on degenerative cartilage lesions Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. Sept 2009: 0940-8.

Tissue Engineering with Platelet-Rich Plasma and Stem Cells: New Frontier In Rheumatology

The Journal of Musculoskeletal Medicine. July 2009.

Plasma rich in growth factors to treat an articular cartilage avulsion: a case report

Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003, 35:1648-1652.

Platelet-rich plasma application during closure following total knee arthroplasty

Orthopedics. 2006;29(7):590–8.

The efficacy of autologous platelet gel in pain control and blood loss in total knee arthroplasty: an analysis of the haemoglobin, narcotic requirement and range of motion

Int Orthop. 2006;31:309–13.

Platelet gel and fibrin sealant reduce allogeneic blood transfusions in total knee arthroplasty

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2006;50:593–9.

A Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF-Endoret) Versus Hyaluronic Acid in the Short-Term Treatment of Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis

(2012) Arthroscopy – Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, 28 (8), pp. 1070-1078.

Ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injections for the treatment of common peroneal nerve palsy associated with multiple ligament injuries of the knee

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Online ISSN 1433-7347.

Yanhong Han, MD,*,a Hetao Huang, PhD, et al. Meta-analysis Comparing Platelet-Rich Plasma vs Hyaluronic Acid Injection in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis.

Pain Medicine, 20(7), 2019, 1418–1429

FOOT / ANKLE

PRP as a treatment for plantar fasciitis: A Meta Analysis of RCTs.

Medicine. Nov 2017.

“Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) as a treatment for high ankle sprain in elite athletes: a randomized control trial.”

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2014 Jun 18

“A single platelet-rich plasma injection for chronic midsubstance achilles tendinopathy: a retrospective preliminary analysis.”

Foot Ankle Spec. 2014 Oct;7(5):372-6.

Platelet-rich plasma therapy as a first-line treatment for severe Achilles tendon tear: a case report

International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation. February 2011, Vol 18, No 2.

Platelet Rich Plasma and Plantar Fasciitis Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review. Dec 2013

The treatment of intractable plantar fasciitis with platelet-rich plasma injection.Foot. 2013 Jul 29.

Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Dextrose Prolotherapy for the Treatment of Chronic Recalcitrant Plantar Fasciitis.

PM R. 2013 Jul 19.

Platelet-rich plasma injections for chronic plantar fasciitis.

Int Orthop. 2012 Dec 19.

Platelet rich plasma treatment for chronic achilles tendinosis.

Foot Ankle Int. 2012 May;33(5):379-85.

Platelets rich plasma for treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis.

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012 May 4

Platelet-Rich Rich Plasma is More Effective than Cortisone for Chronic Severe Plantar Fasciitis 2012 Annual American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons meeting Podium Presentations.

The Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Management of Foot and Ankle Conditions Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, Volume 19, Issue 3, September 2011, Pages 177-184.

Injection Techniques of Platelet-Rich Plasma Into and Around the Achilles Tendon: A Cadaveric Study

Am J Sports Med, April 19 2011.

Platelet-rich plasma therapy as a first-line treatment for severe Achilles tendon tear: a case report InternationalJournal of Therapy and Rehabilitation. February 2011, Vol 18, No 2.

Treatment of Achilles Tendinopathy with Platelet RichPlasma

International Journal of Sports Med, June 2010.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Study JAMA 2010, 3003(2): 144-149.

Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Effectively Treats Chronic Achilles Tendinosis

2010 Annual American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons meeting Podium Presentations.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in managing Achilles tendinosis

2010 Annual American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) Meeting.

Nonoperative Biological Treatment Approach for partial Achilles Tendon Lesion Orthopedics 1;33(2):120-3.

Growth factors for chronic plantar fasciitis Podiatry Today 2004;17:37.

BASIC SCIENCE

Effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma-releasate on intervertebral disc degeneration in the rabbit anular puncture model: a preclinical study

Arthritis Research & Therapy 2012, 14:R241

Comparison of the Acute Inflammatory Response of Two Commercial Platelet-Rich Plasma Systems in Healthy Rabbit Tendons

Am J Sports Med. 2012 April 10.

Experimental model for the study of the effects of platelet-rich plasma on the early phases of muscle healing.

PM 2013 Jun 19

The Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Muscle: Basic Science and Clinical Application Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, Volume 19, Issue 3, September 2011, 149-153.

Effect of platelet-rich plasma on tendon healing

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. Mar 2011; 25(3):344-8.

Chondrogenesis in cartilage repair is induced by members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily

Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2001;391(Suppl):S171–81.

Platelet-released growth factors enhance the secretion of hyaluronic acid and induce hepatocyte growth factor production by synovial fibroblasts from arthritic patients

Rheumatology. 2007;46(12):1769–72.

Autologous injectable tissue-engineered cartilage by using platelet-rich plasma: experimental study in a rabbit model. [Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t]

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007 Oct; 65(10):1951-7.

Platelet concentrate injection improves Achilles tendon repair in rats

Acta Orthop Scand 75(1):93-9.

Platelet quantification and growth factor analysis from platelet-rich plasma: implications for wound healing

Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004 Nov;114(6):1502-8.